As per the census of 2011, in India 427 million children are under the age of 18 years which constitutes around 39% of India’s total population, placing a colossal responsibility on the parents and the state to groom them as responsible and law-abiding citizen. The primary responsibility for nurturing the child is upon the parents and thus parenting plays a key role in the overall development of the Child. But when we speak about children who are in conflict with law or the children who are in need of care and protection(the categorization is made by Juvenile Justice (Care and protection of children Act) 2015 the primary duty is shifted from parents to the state. As the children who are in conflict with law or children who need care and protection are kept in the observatory or children's homes which are mostly regulated by the state. The Indian criminal justice system recognizes the need for care and protection of a child who is in conflict with Law and thus as per section 82 of Indian penal code blanket immunity is provided to the child below the age of 7 years from any criminal prosecution, whereas section 83 provides partial immunity to child who is above 7 years and below 12 years of age. This partial immunity is based upon the maturity and understanding of the child. Recently Indian parliament passed Juvenile Justice (Care and protection of children Act) 2015 (hereinafter referred as JJ Act) which provides a comprehensive framework for the children who are in conflict with the law and who are in need of care and protection. It is often said India is over legislated and under implemented country. The researcher in the current study starts with this hypothesis that the JJ Act 2015 is an example of over legislation and under implementation.