In modern democracies, Political Parties are almost indispensable part of present day democratic political systems. They play a vital role in formation of government and formulation of public policies. The proper functioning of any government depends upon the healthy political party system in a country. Regarding the evaluation and contemporary trends of Indian party system, it is well said that, “No democracy can function without political parties”. The thought of ‘party-less democracy is an utopia’. A political party has its own programmes and ideology which are vital for its performance. They perform several functions which include formulation of a policy on the basis of which they contest elections. This chapter will explore the works and writings pertaining to the party system and party politics in India. It shall also discuss the ideology, support base and vote mobilization strategies of parties and their frequent alliance mergers and disintegrations.