( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

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HUMAN RIGHTS OF ALLEGED CRIMINALS ELIMINATED IN ENCOUNTER

    2 Author(s):  KOMAL CHOWBEY,SAKET ANAND

Vol -  11, Issue- 2 ,         Page(s) : 66 - 75  (2020 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

In India encounters turn out to be common which is done by the police or any other authority and even the aggravated people take pleasure in this sort of “extra-judicial killing”. A common person accepts as true that the judiciary system and process is in a predicament and they enjoy the unjustified encounter. It illustrates the pessimistic impact on trust over the judiciary by the common people. However, the issue is that “Is the unjustified encounter endow with the true justice to the victim?” In unjustified or fake encounter usually, there is a famine of judicial proceeding which incorporates inquiry moreover no any investigation done by the police. The depressing impact of the fake encounter is that it lends a hand to the actual criminal by concealing himself from the judiciary which may possibly be done with the help of police authorities. The police authority sometimes kills an innocent in the name of the accused to protect the real criminal who has committed the crime or sometimes do so in public pressure to close the case and name that killing as “encounter”. Furthermore, we all know “an accused is innocent until proven guilty” there are so many cases where the first accused were held innocent. Then why we greet the unjustified encounter? The encounter is a violation of Article 21 of Indian Constitution in anticipation of it is not proven justified and a state has no authority to violate Article 21. The research paper intended to scrutinize the provisions regarding the encounter.

Cases
a. People’s Union for Civil Liberties & Anr. Vs State of Maharashtra & Ors. CDJ 2014 SC 831.
b. Sunil Batra vs. Delhi Administration 1980 AIR 1579, 1980 SCR (2) 557.
c. Prakash Kadam & Etc. Etc vs Ramprasad Vishwanath Gupta, (2011) 6 SCC 189.
d. Om Prakash v. State of Jharkhand, (2012) 12 SCC 72.
e. Jaspal Singh Gosain v. CBI, CBI Case RC.1(S)/1987/SIU.V/SIC.II/CBI/New Delh.
f. Extra Judicial Execution Victim Families Association v. Union of India, 2016 SCC OnLine SC 685.
g. PUCL v State of Maharashtra CDJ 2014 SC 831.
Electronic References
a. Phalguni Rao,  NHRC registered 1,782 fake encounter cases between  2000-2017 ; Uttar Pradesh alone accounts for 44.55%, FIRSTPOST , https://www.firstpost.com/india/nhrc-registered-1782-fake-encounter-cases-between-2000-2017-uttar-pradesh-alone-accounts-for-44-55-4332125.html, Feb. 02, 2018 [Jan. 21, 2020, 3:45 PM] .
b. Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions Recommended by Economic and Social Council resolution, United Nation Human Right https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/ArbitraryAndSummaryExecutions.aspx [Jan. 23, 2020, 3:30PM].
c. Pratham Narendrakumar, Legality of Encounters, CRPC DECODED, https://crpcdecoded.wordpress.com/2015/05/19/legality-of-encounters/ , May 19, 2015 [Jan. 21, 2020, 1:45 PM].
Books
a. The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, Section 46(3), New Delhi: Universal, 2019, 36.
b. The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, Section 154, New Delhi: Universal, 2019, 88.
c. The Constitution of India,1950, Article 14, Delhi: Professional, 2017, 5.
d. The Constitution of India, 1950, Article 16, Delhi: Professional, 2017, 6.
e. The Constitution of India, 1950, Article 21, Delhi: Professional, 2017, 9.
f. The Indian Penal Code,1860, Section 96, New Delhi: Universal, 2017, 26.
g. The Indian Penal Code,1860, Section 100, New Delhi: Universal, 2017, 28.
h. The Indian Penal Code, 1860, Section 299, New Delhi: Universal, 2017,106.
i. The Indian Penal Code, 1860, Section 300, New Delhi: Universal, 2017,107.

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