( ISSN 2277 - 9809 (online) ISSN 2348 - 9359 (Print) ) New DOI : 10.32804/IRJMSH

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LARGE DAMS AND POPULAR RESISTANCE: ANALYZING THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN LOWER SUBANSIRI HYDROPOWER PROJECT

    1 Author(s):  TANISHA GOGOI

Vol -  10, Issue- 8 ,         Page(s) : 271 - 281  (2019 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/IRJMSH

Abstract

This study is a social critique of Indian developmental discourse, with reference to construction of large dams as an epitome of development. It will primarily interrogate Lower Subansiri Hydropower Project, constructed at the border area of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. Large dam construction in Northeast India have initiated serious debates in the civil society in matters relating to culture, environment and livelihood pattern, specifically for the people residing in the riparian areas. Despite mass resistance, significant drawbacks, both social and environmental; Indian government keeps pursuing such large infrastructural developmental projects and in fact circumventing various environmental policies which are the only democratic mechanism to protect the interest of the people. The study includes a multi-sited ethnographic account of the field of contestations; both, at the upstream and downstream villages along the riverbank of Subansiri. This paper establishes how the nexus between government and corporate lobbies legitimises such projects under the banner of ‘modernity’ to cater to the need of ever growing capitalist economy. Drawing from the nature of activism in anti-dam protest in Assam, the article argues the significance of civil society in providing the space for resistance and raising awareness to counter such developmental discourse.

  Nearly 5000 dams were built worldwide only in the periods between 1970 to 1975 (WCD: 2000; Nayak: 2010)
  The International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) defines ‘large dams’ as those with a height higher than 15m or dams with a shorter height but a reservoir volume of more than 3 million m. 
  http://sandrp.wordpress.com/2013/02/07/the-exper-approval-committee-has-zero-rejection-in-six-years/
  The EIA notification issued under the EPA clearly says that: “No construction, preliminary or otherwise, relating to the setting up of the project may be undertaken till the environmental and site clearance is obtained.” -- Vaholikar and Ahmed: 2003: 28.
  The term run-of-the-river (RoR) project is often misleading. It is used in variety of projects. However, a hydropower projects is RoR, “only if the inflow is equal to outflow in real time basis, that is, when there is no storage or modification at all”. Whereas, the big hydro projects in the eastern Himalayas, when they are referred to as ‘run-of-the-river’, “involve large dams which divert the river waters through long tunnels, before the water is dropped back into the river at a downstream location after passing through a powerhouse. These projects are promoted as being ‘environmentally benign’ as they involve smaller submergences and lesser regulation of water as compared to conventional storage dams”-- Baruah: 2012; Vagholikar and Das: 2010:4.
  From the Lower Subansiri Hydro Electric Project National Green Tribunal Judgement. Dated 16 October 2017 page 7. 
  Roy: 1999 http://www.theguardian.com/books/1999/jun/05/arundhatiroy 

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