This case study begins by describing the importance of the agricultural sector in India. It provides a brief background to the rationale for undertaking the Green Revolution and the various kinds of changes that took place for the Green Revolution to be successful. Despite the successful rise in food grain production, agricultural growth rates in the ninth and tenth five year plans have not been up to expectations. Further, when compared to its neighboring countries, India's performance in the agricultural sector has been far from satisfactory. The time has come for a second Green Revolution. There are certain critical elements that are required for the Green Revolution to take place, both in terms of technology usage and issues to be considered. Further, India's Food Processing Industry is at a fairly nascent stage and needs to develop rapidly in order to reduce wastage of food crops, fruits and vegetables, and help agricultural labor find new employment opportunities through which productivity can improve.