Human resource management in education is very important because education personnel are a major instrument for achieving educational goals, thereby giving a boost to national development. In fact, human resources are the key to rapid socio-economic advancement as well as efficient service delivery. The success of any educational institution relies primarily on the quality of its human resources. Today, the environment of higher education has become more competitive and open for market-driven decision making and, therefore, human resources of an institution are its powerful assets to fit in the modern entrepreneurial paradigm. Human resource management plays the significant role of converting the strategic plans of an organization into human resource policies to gain an edge in the competitive milieu. The present study focuses on the human resources in higher education as the basic element of improving the quality of higher education, which is considered a significant factor for overall academic, economic, scientific, technological and socio-political development of a nation. This paper examines how an adequate, skilled and well-motivated workforce, operating within a sound human resource management programme, is instrumental in overall national development. The paper also studies the major issues and challenges pertaining to human resource management in higher education and suggests a roadmap for further development in higher education through effective human resource management.